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NEW QUESTION 701
A systems engineer deploys a new application server, but the server cannot communicate with the back-end database hostname. The engineer confirms that the application server can ping the database server’s IP address. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the issue?
A. Incorrect DNS servers.
B. Unreachable default gateway.
C. Missing route configuration.
D. Misconfigured subnet mask.
Answer: A
Explanation:
If the application server can ping the database server by its IP address but not by its hostname, it indicates a DNS resolution issue. The most likely cause is incorrect DNS server configuration. The engineer should verify the DNS settings in /etc/resolv.conf or the network configuration.
NEW QUESTION 702
A Linux administrator needs to list the packages that are currently installed on a server. Which of the following commands should the administrator use?
A. snap install list
B. snap list
C. snap show
D. snap packages
Answer: B
Explanation:
The snap list command lists all installed Snap packages on the system. Snap is a package management system that is used for installing and managing software packages in Linux. It shows information about the installed Snap packages, including the version, publisher, and whether the package is active.
NEW QUESTION 703
A hardened physical Linux system allows regular, unprivileged users to remotely connect to the server using SSH only. No sudo tool has been installed. Which of the following should the Linux administrator use to perform administrative tasks on this host? (Choose two.)
A. Create an SSH key and copy it to the remote server to allow passwordless login.
B. Access the server’s physical console and use the root user’s password to log in.
C. Install the telnet server on this system to be able to use a root account.
D. Use the su command and enter the root user’s password.
E. Install the sudo command using the unprivileged user’s account.
F. Add the user to the wheel group.
Answer: BD
Explanation:
Without sudo, the administrator must either access the system physically or use the su command to switch to the root account using the root password. Since the system is hardened and SSH is allowed, installing sudo or using Telnet would not be secure or permitted options. Physical access to the console or using su is the correct approach.
NEW QUESTION 704
Which of the following options describes the purpose of YAML?
A. YAML is a binary format used to ensure data transfer in a non-human-readable format.
B. YAML is used for configuration files and data serialization in IaC tools in a human-readable format.
C. YAML is like HTML and is used to create web page structure content for web deployment.
D. YAML is designed for web development and has libraries for infrastructure automation.
Answer: B
Explanation:
YAML (YAML Ain’t Markup Language) is a human-readable data serialization format often used for configuration files and in Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tools such as Ansible and Kubernetes. YAML files are easy to read and write, making them ideal for specifying infrastructure configurations and managing declarative environments.
NEW QUESTION 705
The development team created a new branch with code changes that a Linux administrator needs to pull from the remote repository. When the administrator looks for the branch in Git, the branch in question is not visible. Which of the following commands should the Linux administrator run to refresh the branch information?
A. git fetch
B. git checkout
C. git clone
D. git branch
Answer: A
Explanation:
git fetch is the command used to refresh the list of branches from the remote repository. It retrieves any new branches and updates the local metadata about the remote repository, making the branch visible locally. It does not change the working directory or merge any changes but updates the references.
NEW QUESTION 706
Which of the following will prevent non-root SSH access to a Linux server?
A. Creating the /etc/nologin file.
B. Creating the /etc/nologin.allow file containing only a single line root.
C. Creating the /etc/nologin/login.deny file containing a single line -all.
D. Ensuring that /etc/pam.d/sshd includes account sufficient pam_nologin.so.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The presence of the /etc/nologin file prevents non-root users from logging into the system via SSH or any other login method. Only the root user can log in when this file exists. This file is commonly used to temporarily disable user logins during system maintenance.
NEW QUESTION 707
A systems administrator is gathering information about a file type and the contents of a file. Which of the following commands should the administrator use to accomplish this task?
A. file filename
B. touch filename
C. grep filename
D. lsof filename
Answer: A
Explanation:
The file command determines the file type of the given file (e.g., whether it is a text file, binary, or a special format). It helps identify the format of the file before further actions like editing or analyzing its content. For example, running file filename might return “ASCII text” or “ELF 64-bit executable”.
NEW QUESTION 708
A Linux administrator is implementing a stateful firewall on the Linux server. Which of the following iptables options will be required to build the stateful rules? (Choose two.)
A. –name established
B. -m recent
C. -m conntrack
D. –state
E. –remove
F. -j DROP
Answer: CD
Explanation:
To build stateful firewall rules in iptables, the -m conntrack and –state options are used. The -m conntrack module allows for connection tracking, and –state tracks connection states like ESTABLISHED, RELATED, or NEW, ensuring that the firewall maintains awareness of connection states when filtering traffic. These options are critical for implementing a stateful firewall that tracks and manages active connections.
NEW QUESTION 709
A systems administrator needs to know the mail exchange (MX) record for the foo.com domain. Which of the following commands will accomplish this task?
A. telnet mx foo.com
B. dig mx foo.com
C. nslookup mx foo.com
D. host mx foo.com
Answer: B
Explanation:
The dig command is used for querying DNS information. To retrieve the MX records for a domain (which indicate where emails should be routed), the command dig mx foo.com is used. This returns the mail servers associated with the domain, including their priority levels.
NEW QUESTION 710
A Linux administrator needs to run a web application on a server that requires the use of a desktop web browser to enter the final configuration information. The administrator determines the server is running in multi-user mode. The administrator verifies that a web browser is installed on the server and that it has a display manager installed. Which of the following commands will best allow the administrator to temporarily use the web browser on the server?
A. sudo systemctl isolate graphical.target
B. sudo systemctl set-default runlevel5.target
C. sudo systemctl restart gdm
D. sudo systemctl –no-wall rescue
Answer: A
Explanation:
The systemctl isolate graphical.target command switches the system to graphical mode (runlevel 5). This will start the display manager and allow the administrator to use a graphical environment, including a web browser. The switch is temporary, and the system will revert to multi-user mode after reboot unless explicitly changed.
NEW QUESTION 711
A server administrator has scheduled a cron job to run YUM updates on all servers without manual intervention, but kernel packages must be excluded from the updates at all times. Which of the following configuration files needs to be modified to make these changes persistent?
A. /etc/yum.conf
B. /etc/dnf/dnf.conf
C. /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/packages.conf
D. /etc/yum.repo.d/kernel.repo
Answer: A
Explanation:
The /etc/yum.conf file contains configuration settings for the YUM package manager. To exclude kernel updates, the administrator should add exclude=kernel* to the [main] section of this file. This ensures that all future YUM updates skip kernel packages, making the exclusion persistent.
NEW QUESTION 712
Which of the following is a benefit of a service mesh?
A. Encrypted communication between two services in a Kubernetes environment.
B. Direct access to the Kubernetes API services through the use of tokens.
C. Elevated privileges in a Kubernetes pod to allow root access in a hardened cluster.
D. Creating PVCs in a Kubernetes cluster to store and manage persistent data.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A service mesh provides secure, encrypted communication between microservices in a Kubernetes environment. It also provides features like traffic management, observability, and load balancing at the network layer. The most popular service mesh implementations, such as Istio, handle security by enforcing mutual TLS (mTLS) encryption between services, ensuring data privacy and integrity.
NEW QUESTION 713
An administrator made a change to a system’s network configuration. Which of the following best represents what the administrator should do to have the new configuration take effect?
A. systemctl restart networkd
B. systemctl enable networkd
C. systemctl status networkd
D. systemctl isolate networkd
Answer: A
Explanation:
The command systemctl restart networkd is used to apply new network configurations by restarting the network service. This ensures that any changes made to network settings (such as IP addresses, routes, or DNS settings) take effect without requiring a system reboot.
NEW QUESTION 714
An administrator thinks that a package was installed using a snap. Which of the following commands can the administrator use to verify this information?
A. snap list
B. snap find
C. snap install
D. snap try
Answer: A
Explanation:
The snap list command lists all installed snap packages on the system. It provides details such as the package name, version, and installation status. This command is useful for verifying whether a specific package was installed using the snap package manager.
NEW QUESTION 715
A Linux administrator is creating a directory called CompTIA_doc and needs to switch to another location to perform some system-related tasks. Which of the following commands should the administrator use for this task?
A. mkdir CompTIA doc & cd CompTIA doc
B. mkdir CompTIA_doc > cd CompTIA_doc
C. mkdir CompTIA_doc || cd CompTIA_doc
D. mkdir CompTIA_doc && cd CompTIA_doc
Answer: D
Explanation:
mkdir CompTIA_doc && cd CompTIA_doc ensures that the directory is created first, and only then does the command switch into it.
NEW QUESTION 716
A newly hired junior administrator is studying the format of the /var/log/messages file. Which of the following commands should the administrator use to preserve the contents of the original file while also creating an identical file in the /home/admin directory?
A. touch /var/log/messages /home/admin
B. mv /var/log/messages /home/admin
C. cat /var/log/messages > /home/admin/messages
D. ln -s /var/log/messages /home/admin
Answer: C
Explanation:
cat /var/log/messages > /home/admin/messages copies the file contents while preserving the original file.
NEW QUESTION 717
A Linux administrator needs to remove all local firewall rules on a Linux system. Which of the following commands should the administrator run?
A. iptables -D
B. iptables -L
C. iptables -F
D. iptables -A
Answer: C
Explanation:
The iptables -F command flushes all the firewall rules, effectively removing them from the system. This command clears out all existing rules from all chains (INPUT, OUTPUT, and FORWARD), leaving the system with no active iptables rules.
NEW QUESTION 718
Which of the following directories contains binaries that only a root user should run?
A. /sbin
B. /bin
C. /root
D. /lib
Answer: A
Explanation:
The /sbin directory contains essential system binaries that are typically only used by the root user. These binaries include commands like ifconfig, fdisk, and reboot, which require root privileges to execute. /bin contains user-level binaries, while /root is the home directory of the root user, and /lib holds shared libraries.
NEW QUESTION 719
A network administrator issues the dig www.foo.com command and receives an NXDOMAIN response. Which of the following files should the administrator check first?
A. /etc/resolv.conf
B. /etc/hosts
C. /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
D. /etc/nsswitch.conf
Answer: A
Explanation:
The NXDOMAIN response indicates that the domain name could not be resolved. The administrator should first check /etc/resolv.conf, which contains the DNS server configuration. If the DNS servers listed are incorrect or unreachable, domain resolution will fail.
NEW QUESTION 720
A Linux administrator updated the configuration file for the httpd web service. The administrator needs to apply the updated changes to the service without interrupting any running sessions. Which of the following commands should the administrator run to accomplish this task?
A. systemctl reload httpd
B. systemctl restart httpd
C. systemctl status httpd
D. systemctl mask httpd
Answer: A
Explanation:
The systemctl reload httpd command reloads the Apache HTTP server configuration without terminating any existing connections. This is ideal for applying configuration changes without disrupting the current web traffic, ensuring seamless operation.
NEW QUESTION 721
A Linux administrator is creating a user that can run the FTP service but cannot log in to the system. The administrator sets /bin/false as a login shell for the user. When the user tries to run the FTP service, it is rejected with an “invalid shell: /bin/false” message. Which of the following is the best way to resolve the issue?
A. Change ownership of /bin/false to the FTP user.
B. Add /bin/false entry to the /etc/shells file.
C. Make /bin/false an executable file.
D. Change the user’s default shell to /bin/bash.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The /etc/shells file contains a list of valid login shells. Since /bin/false is not listed as a valid shell, adding it to the /etc/shells file will resolve the issue and allow the user to run the FTP service without being able to log into the system interactively.
NEW QUESTION 722
A Linux administrator needs to harden a system and guarantee that the Postfix service will not run, even after a restart or system upgrade. Which of the following commands allows the administrator to fulfill the requirement?
A. systemctl mask postfix.service
B. systemctl disable postfix.service
C. systemctl stop postfix.service
D. systemctl -n restart postfix.service
Answer: A
Explanation:
The systemctl mask postfix.service command prevents the Postfix service from being started manually or automatically by symlinking its service file to /dev/null. This ensures that even if a system restart or upgrade occurs, the service will remain disabled and will not start.
NEW QUESTION 723
A DevOps engineer pushed the updated configuration to an existing branch of a remote Git repository. Which of the following commands should the Linux administrator use to obtain these configuration changes?
A. git pull
B. git log
C. git fetch
D. git checkout main
Answer: A
Explanation:
The git pull command fetches changes from the remote repository and merges them into the current branch. This is the correct command for obtaining the updated configuration that was pushed to the remote repository.
NEW QUESTION 724
After trying to install an RPM package unsuccessfully, a systems administrator verifies the integrity of the package’s database. The administrator discovers that the database is corrupted and needs to be recreated. Which of the following commands will help accomplish this task?
A. rpmdb -D rebuild
B. rpmdb –initdb
C. rpmdb –rebuilddb
D. rpmdb –exportdb
Answer: C
Explanation:
The RPM database can sometimes become corrupted, which prevents package installations and other RPM operations from functioning correctly. The –rebuilddb option for rpmdb is used to rebuild the database. This command regenerates the database, fixing any corruption issues and ensuring that the package metadata is restored to a usable state.
NEW QUESTION 725
A Linux systems administrator is updating code. After completing the update, the administrator wants to publish the updated code without including the configuration files. Which of the following should the administrator use to accomplish this task?
A. git clone
B. git –
C. .gitignore
D. git fetch
Answer: C
Explanation:
The .gitignore file is used in Git to specify which files or directories should be ignored in a repository. By listing configuration files in the .gitignore file, the administrator ensures they are not included in any future commits or pushes to the remote repository. This is essential when dealing with sensitive or environment-specific files that should not be shared or deployed.
NEW QUESTION 726
An administrator wants to execute a long running script in the terminal while troubleshooting another issue. Which of the following options will achieve this goal?
A. bash script.sh &
B. source script.sh
C. sh script.sh | jobs
D. nice -10 ./script.sh
Answer: A
Explanation:
Running a command with & at the end sends it to the background, allowing the administrator to continue using the terminal for other tasks while the script runs. This is useful for long-running scripts that do not require immediate attention but need to keep running.
NEW QUESTION 727
A Linux systems administrator needs to compress a file named passwords.txt. The compressed file should be saved as passwords.txt.gz. Which of the following commands should the administrator use to accomplish this task?
A. gzip -c passwords.txt > passwords.txt.gz
B. gzip -d passwords.txt | passwords.txt.gz
C. gzip -n passwords.txt > passwords.txt.gz
D. gzip -n passwords.txt < passwords.txt.gz
Answer: A
Explanation:
The gzip command with the -c flag outputs the compressed data to standard output, which can then be redirected to create a .gz file. This approach maintains the original file while creating a compressed version.
NEW QUESTION 728
A Linux administrator was informed that the server time zone is incorrect. Which of the following commands should the administrator use to correct the time zone?
A. timedatectl set-timezone America/New_York
B. systemd-timezone set Asia/Tokyo
C. systemctl configure-timezone Africa/Nairobi
D. tzconfig configure Europe/London
Answer: A
Explanation:
The timedatectl set-timezone America/New_York command is the standard systemd utility for changing the system’s time zone and persists across reboots.
NEW QUESTION 729
A systems administrator is receiving complaints about slow performance and system crashes. The administrator suspects memory and CPU issues. Which of the following is the first action the administrator should take to troubleshoot and resolve these issues?
A. Run resource monitoring tools like top or htop to view the current CPU and memory use.
B. Look through the system logs and error messages to find any faults involving the CPU and memory.
C. Remove and replace the CPU and memory components to address hardware issues.
D. Reboot the server to clear any CPU and memory congestion.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The initial troubleshooting step when experiencing slow performance and potential memory or CPU issues is to analyze the current resource usage. Running tools like top or htop allows the administrator to observe real-time data on CPU, memory, and processes, providing insights into high resource usage. This is a non-invasive first step, helping to identify whether issues are due to overuse, application memory leaks, or specific processes.
NEW QUESTION 730
A DevOps engineer wants to work on a snapshot of the infrastructure as code configuration. Which of the following commands should the engineer use to accomplish this task?
A. git pull <feature>
B. git push <feature>
C. git branch <feature>
D. git tag <feature>
Answer: D
Explanation:
Creating a snapshot of the current state of the code in Git is best achieved with the git tag <feature> command, which is often used to mark release points or stable versions in a project. Tags are helpful for referencing points in history without affecting the branch structure. Unlike branches, which are for active development, tags are commonly used to mark versions for future reference or deployment.
NEW QUESTION 731
A new hard drive /dev/sdd was added to a server. Which of the following commands will create a partition table with a single partition /dev/sdd1 that consumes the entire disk?
A. echo ‘type=83’ | sudo sfdisk /dev/sdd
B. sudo sfdisk /dev/sdd -t=83
C. echo ‘auto’ | sudo fdisk /dev/sdd
D. sudo fdisk /dev/sdd -1 -t=83
Answer: A
Explanation:
The sfdisk tool is used to manipulate partition tables in Linux. Option A creates a single partition on /dev/sdd of type 83 (Linux filesystem). type=83 specifies the partition type for Linux. The command pipes this configuration to sfdisk to apply it directly to /dev/sdd.
NEW QUESTION 732
An administrator needs to stop a foreground process in between its execution in a terminal. Which of the following should the administrator use?
A. Ctrl+D
B. Ctrl+F
C. Ctrl+Z
D. Ctrl+C
Answer: D
Explanation:
Ctrl+C sends a SIGINT (interrupt signal) to the foreground process, stopping its execution.
NEW QUESTION 733
A Linux administrator needs to set the permissions on a server. The administrator wants to have the files within the directory set to read-write permissions and the directory set to read-write-execute permissions. Which of the following commands should the administrator use?
A. chmod 0022
B. chown 0027
C. setfacl 0007
D. umask 0077
Answer: C
Explanation:
setfacl (Set File Access Control Lists) is used to define more granular permissions for files and directories. chmod 0022 sets specific permissions on files but does not affect newly created files. chown 0027 is incorrect because chown is used to change file ownership, not permissions. umask 0077 restricts permissions too much, making files private rather than just read/write.
NEW QUESTION 734
……
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